Hysteroscopy
Listeroscopy is a very old gynaecological procedure, which after more than 150 years has evolved to solve various problems within the uterine cavity in a much simpler and less invasive way. This clinical procedure can be performed for diagnostic purposes or for the treatment of intrauterine pathologies and as a method of surgical intervention.
Hysteroscopy consists of direct visualisation of the interior of the uterus, the endocervix and the beginning of the fallopian tubes to obtain anatomical information and directly see any possible problems that may exist. The use of this technique for diagnostic purposes by teams with experience in its use ensures maximum performance and reliability in the interpretation of the images, while minimising the risk of complications.
What is the procedure of a hysteroscopy?
The procedure includes the following steps:
- The gynaecologist cleans the genitals with a chlorhexidine solution.
- The gynaecologist adapts the hysteroscope to the size of the canal and slowly inserts it.
- Fluid is blown into the uterus, usually saline, to expand the cavity and allow a better view of the inside of the uterine cavity.
- The hysteroscope is guided into the uterine cavity for inspection. If abnormalities are found, the hysteroscope channel is used to insert specialised surgical instruments, such as scissors, forceps and bipolar electrodes, to operate in the uterine cavity.
When is hysteroscopy indicated?
Indications for diagnostic hysteroscopy include:
- Women with menstrual disturbances (heavy periods or loss between periods).
- Women with sterility or infertility problems.
- Control of uterine scars, myomectomy scars, caesarean section scars, etc.
- Placental debris or direct assessment of possible tumours such as fibroids or cervix.
Its diagnostic use has been widespread in investigating the causes of:
- Infertility
- Irregular and painful menstrual periods.
- Postmenopausal bleeding.
- Recurrent miscarriages.
- Incorrectly positioned intrauterine devices.
In addition to its diagnostic use, hysteroscopy is used as a surgical treatment for:
- Removal or cauterisation of the lining of the uterus in endometrial ablation.
- Fibroid removal.
- Removal of polyps.
- Removal of difficult intrauterine devices (IUDs).
- Removal of intrauterine adhesions.
What are the characteristics of the intervention?
The procedure usually lasts between 15 minutes and an hour depending on whether it is performed to solve a pre-diagnosed problem or to make a diagnosis in consultation (the shortest). It is performed under sedation or local surgical anaesthesia. It is an outpatient procedure.
How should the patient be cared for after the operation?
Avoid sexual intercourse, immersion in the sea, swimming pools or baths for 3 weeks.
Recovery is immediate and you can return to work the next day. However, normalisation of the menstrual pattern may take a cycle, usually one month.
What results should the patient expect?
Solve the problem. Improve menstrual pattern after removal of polyps or fibroids and help prescribe appropriate treatment.
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